实验性库头文件 <experimental/ranges/iterator>

此头文件是范围库的一部分。

迭代器相关概念

定义于命名空间 std::experimental::ranges

迭代器概念

Readable	指定类型通过应用运算符 `*` 可读 (概念)
Writable	指定可向迭代器所引用的对象写入值 (概念)
WeaklyIncrementable	指定 `Semiregular` 类型能以前后自增运算符自增 (概念)
Incrementable	指定 `WeaklyIncrementable` 类型上的自增操作保持相等性，而且该类型 `EqualityComparable` (概念)
Iterator	指定该类型对象能自增并解引用 (概念)
Sentinel	指定类型的对象是 `Iterator` 类型的哨位 (概念)
SizedSentinel	指定能应用 `-` 运算符到迭代器和哨位，以在常数时间计算其差 (概念)
InputIterator	指定类型为输入迭代器，即能读其所引用值，且它能前后自增 (概念)
OutputIterator	指定类型为给定值类型的输出迭代器，即能把该类型的值写入它，且它能前后自增 (概念)
ForwardIterator	指定 `InputIterator` 为向前迭代器，支持相等比较和多趟 (概念)
BidirectionalIterator	指定 `ForwardIterator` 为双向迭代器，支持向后移动 (概念)
RandomAccessIterator	指定 `BidirectionalIterator` 为随机访问迭代器，支持常数时间前进和下标访问 (概念)

间接可调用概念

IndirectUnaryInvocableIndirectRegularUnaryInvocable	指定可调用对象能以解引用一个 `Readable` 类型的结果调用 (概念)
IndirectUnaryPredicate	指定可调用对象，以解引用某个 `Readable` 类型的结果调用时，满足 `Predicate` (概念)
IndirectRelation	指定可调用对象以解引用某些 `Readable` 类型的结果调用时，满足 `Relation` (概念)
IndirectStrictWeakOrder	指定可调用对象，以解引用某些 `Readable` 类型的结果调用时，满足 `StrictWeakOrder` (概念)

常用算法要求

IndirectlyMovable	指定值可从 `Readable` 类型移动到 `Writable` 类型 (概念)
IndirectlyMovableStorable	指定类型可从 `Readable` 类型移动到 `Writable` 类型，且移动可以通过中间对象进行 (概念)
IndirectlyCopyable	指定值可从 `Readable` 类型复制到 `Writable` 类型 (概念)
IndirectlyCopyableStorable	指定值可从 `Readable` 类型复制到 `Writable` 类型，且该复制可能通过中间对象进行 (概念)
IndirectlySwappable	指定两个 `Readable` 类型所引用的值可交换 (概念)
IndirectlyComparable	指定两个 `Readable` 类型所引用的值能比较 (概念)
Permutable	指定原位重排元素的算法的公共要求 (概念)
Mergeable	指定算法的要求，该算法需要通过复制元素归并已排序序列到输出序列 (概念)
Sortable	指定重排元素为有序序列的算法的公共要求 (概念)

概念工具

indirect_result_of	计算在某 `Readable` 类型集合的解引用结果上调用可调用对象的结果 (类模板)
projected	用于指定接受投影的算法上的制约的帮助模板 (类模板)

迭代器原语

迭代器工具

定义于命名空间 `std::experimental::ranges`
iter_move	转型解引用对象的结果为其所关联的右值引用类型 (定制点对象)
iter_swap	交换两个可解引用对象所引用的值 (定制点对象)

迭代器特征

定义于命名空间 `std::experimental::ranges`
difference_type	获得 `WeaklyIncrementable` 类型的差类型 (类模板)
value_type	获得 `Readable` 类型的值类型 (类模板)
iterator_category	获得输入迭代器类型的迭代器类别 (类模板)
iterator_traits	汇集迭代器的关联类型的兼容性特性类 (别名模板)
reference_trvalue_reference_titer_common_reference_t	获得可解引用对象的关联引用类型 (别名模板)

迭代器类别标签

定义于命名空间 `std::experimental::ranges`
input_iterator_tagoutput_iterator_tagforward_iterator_tagbidirectional_iterator_tagrandom_access_iterator_tag	用于指示迭代器类别的空类 (类)

std::iterator_traits 的特化

定义于命名空间 `std`
std::iterator_traits<InputIterator>std::iterator_traits<OutputIterator>	为范围 TS 迭代器特化 std::iterator_traits (类模板特化)

迭代器操作

定义于命名空间 `std::experimental::ranges`
advance	令迭代器前进给定的距离 (函数模板)
distance	返回迭代器和哨位之间的距离，或范围起始和结尾间的距离 (函数模板)
next	自增迭代器 (函数模板)
prev	自减迭代器 (函数模板)

迭代器适配器

定义于命名空间 `std::experimental::ranges`
reverse_iterator	用于逆序遍历的迭代器适配器 (类模板)
back_insert_iterator	用于在容器尾插入的迭代器适配器 (类模板)
front_insert_iterator	用于在容器首插入的迭代器适配器 (类模板)
insert_iterator	用于插入元素到容器中的迭代器适配器 (类模板)
move_iterator	解引用为右值引用的迭代器适配器 (类模板)
move_sentinel	为 `move_iterator` 所用的哨位适配器 (类模板)
common_iterator	将迭代器-哨位对适配成公共迭代器类型，以用于遗留算法 (类模板)
counted_iterator	保持距起始位置距离踪迹的迭代器适配器 (类模板)
default_sentinel	知晓其范围的迭代器类型所用的空哨位类型 (类)
dangling	可能悬垂的迭代器的包装器 (类模板)
safe_iterator_t	以 `dangling` 包装右值范围的迭代器类型的别名模版 (别名模板)
unreachable	用于与任何迭代器一同指示无限范围的哨位类型 (类)

流迭代器

定义于命名空间 `std::experimental::ranges`
istream_iterator	从 std::basic_istream 读取的输入迭代器 (类模板)
ostream_iterator	写入 std::basic_ostream 的输出迭代器 (类模板)
istreambuf_iterator	从 std::basic_streambuf 读取的输入迭代器 (类模板)
ostreambuf_iterator	写入 std::basic_streambuf 的输出迭代器 (类模板)

概要

namespace std { namespace experimental { namespace ranges { inline namespace v1 {
 
template <class T> concept bool /* dereferenceable */ // 仅用于阐释
  = requires(T& t) { {*t} -> auto&&; };
 
namespace {
  constexpr /* 未指明 */ iter_move = /* 未指明 */;
  constexpr /* 未指明 */ iter_swap = /* 未指明 */;
}
 
template <class> struct difference_type;
template <class T> using difference_type_t
  = typename difference_type<T>::type;
 
template <class> struct value_type;
template <class T> using value_type_t
  = typename value_type<T>::type;
 
template <class> struct iterator_category;
template <class T> using iterator_category_t
  = typename iterator_category<T>::type;
 
template </* dereferenceable */ T> using reference_t
  = decltype(*declval<T&>());
 
template </* dereferenceable */ T>
    requires /* 见定义 */ using rvalue_reference_t
  = decltype(ranges::iter_move(declval<T&>()));
 
template <class In>
concept bool Readable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class Out, class T>
concept bool Writable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class I>
concept bool WeaklyIncrementable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class I>
concept bool Incrementable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class I>
concept bool Iterator = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class S, class I>
concept bool Sentinel = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class S, class I>
  constexpr bool disable_sized_sentinel = false;
 
template <class S, class I>
concept bool SizedSentinel = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class I>
concept bool InputIterator = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class I>
concept bool OutputIterator = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class I>
concept bool ForwardIterator = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class I>
concept bool BidirectionalIterator = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class I>
concept bool RandomAccessIterator = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class F, class I>
concept bool IndirectUnaryInvocable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class F, class I>
concept bool IndirectRegularUnaryInvocable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class F, class I>
concept bool IndirectUnaryPredicate = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class F, class I1, class I2 = I1>
concept bool IndirectRelation = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class F, class I1, class I2 = I1>
concept bool IndirectStrictWeakOrder = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class> struct indirect_result_of;
 
template <class F, class... Is>
  requires Invocable<F, reference_t<Is>...>
struct indirect_result_of<F(Is...)>;
 
template <class F>
using indirect_result_of_t
  = typename indirect_result_of<F>::type;
 
template <Readable I, IndirectRegularUnaryInvocable<I> Proj>
struct projected;
 
template <WeaklyIncrementable I, class Proj>
struct difference_type<projected<I, Proj>>;
 
template <class In, class Out>
concept bool IndirectlyMovable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class In, class Out>
concept bool IndirectlyMovableStorable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class In, class Out>
concept bool IndirectlyCopyable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class In, class Out>
concept bool IndirectlyCopyableStorable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class I1, class I2 = I1>
concept bool IndirectlySwappable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class I1, class I2, class R = equal_to<>, class P1 = identity,
    class P2 = identity>
concept bool IndirectlyComparable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class I>
concept bool Permutable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class I1, class I2, class Out,
    class R = less<>, class P1 = identity, class P2 = identity>
concept bool Mergeable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class I, class R = less<>, class P = identity>
concept bool Sortable = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <class Iterator> using iterator_traits = /* 见定义 */;
 
template <Readable T> using iter_common_reference_t
  = common_reference_t<reference_t<T>, value_type_t<T>&>;
 
struct output_iterator_tag { };
struct input_iterator_tag { };
struct forward_iterator_tag : input_iterator_tag { };
struct bidirectional_iterator_tag : forward_iterator_tag { };
struct random_access_iterator_tag : bidirectional_iterator_tag { };
 
namespace {
  constexpr /* 未指明 */ advance = /* 未指明 */;
  constexpr /* 未指明 */ distance = /* 未指明 */;
  constexpr /* 未指明 */ next = /* 未指明 */;
  constexpr /* 未指明 */ prev = /* 未指明 */;
}
 
template <BidirectionalIterator I> class reverse_iterator;
 
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires EqualityComparableWith<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator==(
    const reverse_iterator<I1>& x,
    const reverse_iterator<I2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires EqualityComparableWith<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator!=(
    const reverse_iterator<I1>& x,
    const reverse_iterator<I2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires StrictTotallyOrderedWith<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator<(
    const reverse_iterator<I1>& x,
    const reverse_iterator<I2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires StrictTotallyOrderedWith<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator>(
    const reverse_iterator<I1>& x,
    const reverse_iterator<I2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires StrictTotallyOrderedWith<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator>=(
    const reverse_iterator<I1>& x,
    const reverse_iterator<I2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires StrictTotallyOrderedWith<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator<=(
    const reverse_iterator<I1>& x,
    const reverse_iterator<I2>& y);
 
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires SizedSentinel<I1, I2>
  constexpr difference_type_t<I2> operator-(
    const reverse_iterator<I1>& x,
    const reverse_iterator<I2>& y);
template <RandomAccessIterator I>
  constexpr reverse_iterator<I> operator+(
    difference_type_t<I> n,
    const reverse_iterator<I>& x);
 
template <BidirectionalIterator I>
constexpr reverse_iterator<I> make_reverse_iterator(I i);
 
template <class Container> class back_insert_iterator;
template <class Container>
  back_insert_iterator<Container> back_inserter(Container& x);
 
template <class Container> class front_insert_iterator;
template <class Container>
  front_insert_iterator<Container> front_inserter(Container& x);
 
template <class Container> class insert_iterator;
template <class Container>
  insert_iterator<Container> inserter(Container& x, iterator_t<Container> i);
 
template <InputIterator I> class move_iterator;
 
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires EqualityComparableWith<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator==(
    const move_iterator<I1>& x, const move_iterator<I2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires EqualityComparableWith<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator!=(
    const move_iterator<I1>& x, const move_iterator<I2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires StrictTotallyOrderedWith<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator<(
    const move_iterator<I1>& x, const move_iterator<I2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires StrictTotallyOrderedWith<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator<=(
    const move_iterator<I1>& x, const move_iterator<I2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires StrictTotallyOrderedWith<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator>(
    const move_iterator<I1>& x, const move_iterator<I2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires StrictTotallyOrderedWith<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator>=(
    const move_iterator<I1>& x, const move_iterator<I2>& y);
 
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires SizedSentinel<I1, I2>
  constexpr difference_type_t<I2> operator-(
    const move_iterator<I1>& x,
    const move_iterator<I2>& y);
template <RandomAccessIterator I>
  constexpr move_iterator<I> operator+(
    difference_type_t<I> n,
    const move_iterator<I>& x);
 
template <InputIterator I>
  constexpr move_iterator<I> make_move_iterator(I i);
 
template <Semiregular S> class move_sentinel;
 
template <class I, Sentinel<I> S>
  constexpr bool operator==(
    const move_iterator<I>& i, const move_sentinel<S>& s);
template <class I, Sentinel<I> S>
  constexpr bool operator==(
    const move_sentinel<S>& s, const move_iterator<I>& i);
template <class I, Sentinel<I> S>
  constexpr bool operator!=(
    const move_iterator<I>& i, const move_sentinel<S>& s);
template <class I, Sentinel<I> S>
  constexpr bool operator!=(
    const move_sentinel<S>& s, const move_iterator<I>& i);
 
template <class I, SizedSentinel<I> S>
  constexpr difference_type_t<I> operator-(
    const move_sentinel<S>& s, const move_iterator<I>& i);
template <class I, SizedSentinel<I> S>
  constexpr difference_type_t<I> operator-(
    const move_iterator<I>& i, const move_sentinel<S>& s);
 
template <Semiregular S>
  constexpr move_sentinel<S> make_move_sentinel(S s);
 
template <Iterator I, Sentinel<I> S>
  requires !Same<I, S>
class common_iterator;
 
template <Readable I, class S>
struct value_type<common_iterator<I, S>>;
 
template <InputIterator I, class S>
struct iterator_category<common_iterator<I, S>>;
 
template <ForwardIterator I, class S>
struct iterator_category<common_iterator<I, S>>;
 
template <class I1, class I2, Sentinel<I2> S1, Sentinel<I1> S2>
bool operator==(
  const common_iterator<I1, S1>& x, const common_iterator<I2, S2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2, Sentinel<I2> S1, Sentinel<I1> S2>
  requires EqualityComparableWith<I1, I2>
bool operator==(
  const common_iterator<I1, S1>& x, const common_iterator<I2, S2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2, Sentinel<I2> S1, Sentinel<I1> S2>
bool operator!=(
  const common_iterator<I1, S1>& x, const common_iterator<I2, S2>& y);
 
template <class I2, SizedSentinel<I2> I1, SizedSentinel<I2> S1, SizedSentinel<I1> S2>
difference_type_t<I2> operator-(
  const common_iterator<I1, S1>& x, const common_iterator<I2, S2>& y);
 
class default_sentinel;
 
template <Iterator I> class counted_iterator;
 
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires Common<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator==(
    const counted_iterator<I1>& x, const counted_iterator<I2>& y);
constexpr bool operator==(
  const counted_iterator<auto>& x, default_sentinel);
constexpr bool operator==(
  default_sentinel, const counted_iterator<auto>& x);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires Common<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator!=(
    const counted_iterator<I1>& x, const counted_iterator<I2>& y);
constexpr bool operator!=(
  const counted_iterator<auto>& x, default_sentinel y);
constexpr bool operator!=(
  default_sentinel x, const counted_iterator<auto>& y);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires Common<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator<(
    const counted_iterator<I1>& x, const counted_iterator<I2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires Common<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator<=(
    const counted_iterator<I1>& x, const counted_iterator<I2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires Common<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator>(
    const counted_iterator<I1>& x, const counted_iterator<I2>& y);
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires Common<I1, I2>
  constexpr bool operator>=(
    const counted_iterator<I1>& x, const counted_iterator<I2>& y);
 
template <class I1, class I2>
    requires Common<I1, I2>
  constexpr difference_type_t<I2> operator-(
    const counted_iterator<I1>& x, const counted_iterator<I2>& y);
template <class I>
  constexpr difference_type_t<I> operator-(
    const counted_iterator<I>& x, default_sentinel y);
template <class I>
  constexpr difference_type_t<I> operator-(
    default_sentinel x, const counted_iterator<I>& y);
template <RandomAccessIterator I>
  constexpr counted_iterator<I>
    operator+(difference_type_t<I> n, const counted_iterator<I>& x);
 
template <Iterator I>
  constexpr counted_iterator<I> make_counted_iterator(I i, difference_type_t<I> n);
 
class unreachable;
template <Iterator I>
  constexpr bool operator==(const I&, unreachable) noexcept;
template <Iterator I>
  constexpr bool operator==(unreachable, const I&) noexcept;
template <Iterator I>
  constexpr bool operator!=(const I&, unreachable) noexcept;
template <Iterator I>
  constexpr bool operator!=(unreachable, const I&) noexcept;
 
template <class T> class dangling;
 
template <class T, class charT = char, class traits = char_traits<charT>,
    class Distance = ptrdiff_t>
  class istream_iterator;
 
template <class T, class charT, class traits, class Distance>
  bool operator==(const istream_iterator<T, charT, traits, Distance>& x,
    const istream_iterator<T, charT, traits, Distance>& y);
template <class T, class charT, class traits, class Distance>
  bool operator==(default_sentinel x,
    const istream_iterator<T, charT, traits, Distance>& y);
template <class T, class charT, class traits, class Distance>
  bool operator==(const istream_iterator<T, charT, traits, Distance>& x,
    default_sentinel y);
template <class T, class charT, class traits, class Distance>
  bool operator!=(const istream_iterator<T, charT, traits, Distance>& x,
    const istream_iterator<T, charT, traits, Distance>& y);
template <class T, class charT, class traits, class Distance>
  bool operator!=(default_sentinel x,
    const istream_iterator<T, charT, traits, Distance>& y);
template <class T, class charT, class traits, class Distance>
  bool operator!=(const istream_iterator<T, charT, traits, Distance>& x,
    default_sentinel y);
 
template <class T, class charT = char, class traits = char_traits<charT>>
  class ostream_iterator;
 
template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
  class istreambuf_iterator;
 
template <class charT, class traits>
  bool operator==(const istreambuf_iterator<charT, traits>& a,
    const istreambuf_iterator<charT, traits>& b);
template <class charT, class traits>
  bool operator==(default_sentinel a,
    const istreambuf_iterator<charT, traits>& b);
template <class charT, class traits>
  bool operator==(const istreambuf_iterator<charT, traits>& a,
    default_sentinel b);
template <class charT, class traits>
  bool operator!=(const istreambuf_iterator<charT, traits>& a,
    const istreambuf_iterator<charT, traits>& b);
template <class charT, class traits>
  bool operator!=(default_sentinel a,
    const istreambuf_iterator<charT, traits>& b);
template <class charT, class traits>
  bool operator!=(const istreambuf_iterator<charT, traits>& a,
    default_sentinel b);
 
template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
  class ostreambuf_iterator;
 
}}}}
 
namespace std {
  template <experimental::ranges::Iterator Out>
    struct iterator_traits<Out>;
  template <experimental::ranges::InputIterator In>
    struct iterator_traits<In>;
  template <experimental::ranges::InputIterator In>
      requires experimental::ranges::Sentinel<In, In>
    struct iterator_traits;
}

语言
标准库头文件
自立与有宿主实现
具名要求
语言支持库
概念库 (C++20)
诊断库
工具库
字符串库
容器库
迭代器库
范围库 (C++20)
算法库
数值库
本地化库
输入/输出库
文件系统库 (C++17)
正则表达式库 (C++11)
原子操作库 (C++11)
线程支持库 (C++11)
技术规范